Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: A Literature Review on Bridging the Digital Divide among College Students in Indonesia

Abstract

The digital divide remains a significant challenge in higher education, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. In this case, the gap in access to technology and digital literacy affects students' academic success. This study explores the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in bridging the digital divide among students in Indonesia. This study aims to identify the role of AI and its effectiveness in improving access to educational resources, improving digital literacy, and promoting an equitable learning environment, especially in Indonesia. The method used in this study is a descriptive literature review of existing research from 2015 to 2024, focusing on studies related to AI in education, digital equity, and higher education in Indonesia. The results show that AI applications, such as learning platforms, adaptive learning technologies, and online tutoring systems, have the potential to reduce the educational gap, especially in Indonesia. However, the effectiveness of these technologies depends on factors such as infrastructure availability, digital literacy levels, and support from stakeholders. This review shows that although AI offers a promising solution to bridge the digital divide, a multi-faceted approach is still needed to integrate policy interventions, capacity building, and community engagement. In this case, stakeholders in higher education in Indonesia must be able to prioritize the role of AI to improve digital equality and support inclusive academic growth.